Professor Tautz hat herausgefunden, daß leichte Temperaturveränderungen bei der Brutaufzucht reichen, um Verhaltensänderungen hervorzurufen und die Bienen dumm zu machen. Weniger intelligent.
Siehe:
http://www.pnas.org/content/100/12/7343.full.pdf+htmlAußerdem haben die Entdecker der den Honigbienen eigenen Michsäurebakterien herausgefunden, daß der Eintrag und Verarbeitung von Honig Milchsäure (und Essigsäure) produziert! Bei übermäßig belüfteten Beuten entweicht die Milchsäure und kann so den Bienenstock nicht mehr vor Krankheitsbefall schützen.
Text siehe unten.
Gruß
Bernhard
In the latest issue of NordBi-Aktuellt, the Journal of the Swedish Association for Preserving Apis mellifera mellifera, Swedish researcher Tobias Olofsson at the University of Lund describes his work on lactic acid bacteria. On the subject of hive atmosphere he writes (in my own humble translation from Swedish):
Lactic acid bacteria form organic acids such as lactic, acetic and formic acid. These are acids used by beekeepers to combat mites and nosema. Lactic acid bacteria are numerous and resemble small factories in the hive where they prosper in the honey stomach, bee bread, bee pollen and honey. Perhaps they produce an arsenal of substances dispersed in the hive's atmosphere? Perhaps the atmosphere in the hive is important to preserve and this would be a reason to disturb the bees as little as possible. Samples from the lab shows that the bacteria produces large amounts of organic acids that seep into the atmosphere. In modern beehives there are bottom screens and entrances at the bottom; how does this affect a potential atmosphere that might prevent disease? The answer is quite logical, but I put the question to Martin Ferm at the Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL) in Gothenburg. The organic acids accumulates in a fairly closed room but with a bottom screen with the full thrust of the wind at the bottom and with entrances at the bottom that aired these acids out according to Martin.
Wild bees prefer a hollow tree with only a small gap as opening and they are very careful to seal every crack or hole. We will be investigating this properly: what is the atmosphere like inside a hive if it can be left alone and what does such an atmosphere do to mites? Our pilot study that was conducted in the summer of 2009, in a hive during a typical summer day and while winter fodder was given, was just the beginning. Formic acid and aceticacid were found in the hive atmosphere in the visible amount during a typical summer day and in even larger amounts when the fodder was given.
Cogito ergo summ.
Ich summe, also bien ich.